Chapter 8
Community Identity
As we saw in Chapter 7, when Paul (a TCK) was taken into protective
custody, the arresting officer asked who he was. Paul replied in
Greek, “I am a Jew, from Tarsus in Cilicia,…” (Acts 21:39). Paul found
his identity not only in his passport and host cultures, but also in his community,
the city in which he had lived as a child. Of course, Paul was known as
Saul earlier in his life, and Christians today often refer to him as “Saul of
Tarsus” to differentiate him from King Saul in the Old Testament. Being
from Tarsus gave him a positive identity—he was from an important city known
all over the world.
A few minutes later when he addressed the crowd, Paul said in Aramaic, “I am a
Jew born in Tarsus of Cilicia, but brought up in this city…” (Acts 22:3).
He found additional identity in the community where he had lived as a teenager
while he was away from home studying theology. Jerusalem was the capital
of the nation, and it also had an important part of forming his identity.
In Ulysses, Alfred Lord Tennyson said, “I am a part of all that I have
met.” That is true. Part of your identity comes from the places you
have lived, people you have known, and so forth. The longer you live in a
place and the deeper you become involved, the more of your identity comes from
it. We all recognize this when we ask someone, “Where are you from?” (A
question all TCKs dislike because they are not sure how to answer it).
New Testament Times
New Testament people were sometimes identified by adding the region they were
from to their name, such as “Judas the Galilean” (Acts 5:37). This
indicated that Judas was from the northern part of Palestine in an area called
Galilee, an area in which people had a distinctive accent in their
speech. These people were not as “pure-blood” as the Jews further south
in Judea, so the people of Judea looked down on the people in Galilee. Of
course, between Galilee and Judea was the region of Samaria. Samaritans
were even more racially mixed than those in Galilee, so people from both Judah
and Galilee looked down on the Samaritans! Although Judas may not have
been proud of being from Galilee, at least it gave him an identity.
At other times New Testament people were identified by adding the town or city
where they were from, such as “Jesus of Nazareth.” This phrase occurs in
the first Chapter of John where Philip told Nathaniel, “We have found the one
Moses wrote about in the law, and about whom the prophets also wrote--Jesus of
Nazareth, the son of Joseph.”
“Nazareth! Can anything good come from there?” Nathaniel asked.
Why would Nathaniel make such a comment? Although we hold Nazareth in
reverence today, such was not the case at that time. First, Nazareth was
in Galilee. Strike one. Second, few people had even heard of
Nazareth—it was not important enough even to be mentioned in the Old Testament.
Strike two. Third, Jews who had heard of it but lived in other places
considered Nazareth a town of low moral and religious standards. Strike
three. Thus Nathaniel’s question, “Can anything good come out of
Nazareth?” Again, although it was negative, being from Nazareth gave him
an identity.
USA Years Ago
Throughout history people have been greatly influenced by the community where
they grew up because the community was a real part of their upbringing.
Cornell psychologist Urie Bonfenbrenner (1970, Two Worlds of Childhood,
New York, Russell Sage Foundation, p. 96) wrote about his growing up in New
York as a Russian immigrant in the 1920s. “And it wasn’t just your
relatives. Everybody in the neighborhood minded your business.
Again this had its two aspects. If you walked on the railroad trestle,
the ‘phone would ring at your house, and your parents would know what you had
done before you got back home. People on the street would tell you to
button your jacket, and ask why you were not in church last Sunday.”
Whether the children liked it or not, they at least knew that people cared.
Louis Sullivan, Secretary of Health and Human Services in the 1980s, growing up
in Georgia in the 1930s said, “I was not just the child of my parents--I was in
fact a child of the entire neighborhood. When I was out of sight of the
folks and thought I could get away with something, Mr. Jones or Mrs. Smith down
the block was sure to step in and administer corrective caring--whether I liked
it or not” (Reader’s Digest, August, 1991, p. 121). He noted
that his neighborhood constantly reinforced particular values, such as
self-esteem, self discipline, responsibility, and service.
USA Today
This influence is not nearly so likely to happen in the USA in the twenty-first
century. If adults told children (other than their own) to button their
jackets, the children would likely tell them to mind their own business.
If other adults stepped in and “administered corrective caring,” they might be
sued by the children’s parents. What has happened to change this sense of
community identity?
- Mobility. Years ago, people tended to stay in the
same house all their lives, at least after they were married. They
had the same neighbors all their lives and knew them well so that the same
neighbors were constantly a part of the children’s lives. Today
nearly one person in five moves every year, so people do not know their
neighbors well. Even those who stay in the same house year after
year do not know their neighbors well because new ones keep moving in all
the time.
- Urbanization. Years ago most people lived on
relatively small farms, in villages, or in small towns. Those on
farms knew everyone who lived within walking or riding distance.
Those in villages or small towns knew nearly everyone who lived within a
mile or so of them. Today the majority of people live in metropolitan
areas so that they do not know most of those who live near them. In
fact, it is not unusual not to know even the names of people who live in
the same block of your street or in the same apartment complex.
- Consolidation of schools. Years ago most people went
to neighborhood schools to which they could walk. Those who lived on
the farms would walk or ride on horseback. One-room schools often
were built every three or four miles apart and contained twenty or thirty
children in six or seven grades taught by one teacher. Not only did
the children know all the other children in the school but also they knew
all the parents as well. Today those schools are gone, and children
are bussed to larger schools. Children know everyone in their room,
but certainly not everyone in their school, and perhaps not even everyone
at their grade level.
- Bussing for racial balance. At first bussing was
done to make a better education possible for everyone.
However, during the last half of the twentieth century bussing children to
schools far away from their homes was used to achieve racial
balance. Children no longer went to school with others that they
knew and saw every day. To get racial balance, children from one
neighborhood were bussed to as many as eight or ten different
schools. It achieved racial balance, but at the expense of community
identity.
- Air Conditioning. Years ago people often spent their
evenings on their porches or in their yards because the house was hot in
the evening. The adults talked from their porches to those who lived
next door or walked by. Today people stay in their houses and keep
the doors closed to be cool, so they do not get acquainted with those
living around them.
- Television. Years ago people played games in their
yards or homes with others who lived nearby. In doing so, they got
to know neighbors well. Today people are much more likely to watch
television or a video so that they are not interacting on a personal level
with those also watching.
- Violence. In some places people stay in their homes
because they are afraid of violence in their neighborhoods. This
also decreases community identity.
What can adolescent TCKs do?
Of course, adolescent TCKs have no control over many of the things that have
resulted in a loss of community identity. TCKs move at least as much as
the people who live in only one culture all their lives—and they often move far
more often. They have no control over whether they live in a large city
or a small town, where they go to school, whether they ride a bus, and so
forth. However, there are some things they can do to get a community
identity.
- Become a part of the community wherever you live.
Most communities have some sort of community-wide activities at several
times during they year. Some communities have festivals, others have
concerts, still others have fairs, and so forth. Wilmore, where I
live, has an Independence Day celebration early in July and the Old
Fashioned Musical Christmas early in December, and I seldom miss participating
in both. Adolescents are there in many of the activities such as the
races in the summer and the music in the winter. What community
activities can you participate in where you are?
- Take pride in community. All communities have both
good and bad things about them, so make it a point to look for the good
things and emphasize those. Wilmore is literally five miles from the
end of the road because the highway ends at the Kentucky River, so no one
ever stops just because they were passing through. However, Wilmore
has an influence around the world because of the presence of Asbury
College and Asbury Theological Seminary. What can you be proud of in
your community?
- Participate in community activities for teenagers.
These might be related to scouting, clubs, and sports. Although they
are called Boy’s Clubs and Girl’s Clubs, they are for adolescents as
well. The largest youth organization in the United States is
4-H. If your community does not have a teen sports league, try to join
an adult league. In what activity can you participate in your
community?
- Make it a point to get to know people in your
neighborhood. Greet people on your street in a culturally
appropriate way. Make opportunities to meet neighbors whether it is
inviting them into your home or meeting them in a nearby restaurant.
Have people who live nearby over for a backyard (if you have one)
barbeque. What can you do to get acquainted with the people who live
near you?
- Attend public meetings. If your town council
(whatever the governing body is called) is open to the public, go to the
meeting and see what the city fathers (or mothers) are discussing.
If your school board meeting is open to the public, go and let your voice
be heard about what you think should happen in your middle school or high
school. What public meetings can you attend?
- Read the local paper. Some local papers can be
really funny in what they print. For example, a front page article
and picture in our local Jessamine Journal was about a squirrel
interrupting the electrical supply to someone’s house! These are
always good for a laugh. However, there is no better way to learn
about your community than reading about events happening in the local
paper.
- Learn the history of your community. Most
communities have a group of people, whether officially recognized or not,
who are interested in the history of the community. Some even have
books written about them. Learn about your community and visit
places you learn about.
- Find other TCKs. It is likely that other TCKs also
live in your community. As a TCK, you will have much in common with
other TCKs even if you have lived in completely different cultures.
As pointed out earlier, TCKs form something like a community of
themselves.